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Should all young people be required to attend college or university? That's the question explored in this dream essay by Benjamin Franklin--composed when he was just 16 years old. Writing in the persona of a widow named Silence Dogood, Franklin published the essay in his older brother's newspaper, the New England Courant, in 1722. Note that Franklin's own formal education ended when he was 10 years old.
The Temple of Learning
by Benjamin Franklin
Discoursing the other Day at Dinner with my Reverend Boarder, formerly mentioned (whom for Distinction sake we will call by the Name of Clericus), concerning the Education of Children, I asked his Advice about my young Son William, whether or no I had best bestow upon him Academical Learning, or (as our Phrase is) "bring him up at our College." He persuaded me to do it by all Means, using many weighty Arguments with me, and answering all the Objections that I could form against it; telling me withal, that he did not doubt but that the Lad would take his Learning very well, and not idle away his Time as too many there nowadays do. These Words of Clericus gave me a Curiosity to inquire a little more strictly into the present Circumstances of that famous Seminary of Learning, but the Information which he gave me, was neither pleasant nor such as I expected.
As soon as Dinner was over, I took a solitary Walk into my Orchard, still ruminating on Clericus's Discourse with much Consideration, until I came to my usual Place of Retirement under the Great Apple-Tree where, having seated myself, and carelessly laid my Head on a verdant Bank, I fell by Degrees into a soft and undisturbed Slumber. My waking Thoughts remained with me in my Sleep, and before I awak'd again, I dreamt the following dream.
I fancied I was traveling over pleasant and delightful Fields and Meadows, and through many small Country Towns and Villages; and as I passed along, all Places resounded with the Fame of the Temple of Learning. Every Peasant, who had wherewithal, was preparing to send one of his Children at least to this famous Place; and in this Case most of them consulted their own Purses instead of their Children's Capacities: so that I observed, a great many, yea, the most part of those who were traveling thither, were little better than Dunces and Blockheads. Alas! alas!
At length I entered upon a spacious Plain, in the Midst of which was erected a large and stately Edifice. It was to this that a great Company of Youths from all Parts of the Country were going; so stepping in among the Crowd, I passed on with them, and presently arrived at the Gate.
The Passage was kept by two sturdy Porters named Riches and Poverty, and the latter obstinately refused to give Entrance to any who had not first gained the Favour of the former; so that I observed, many who came even to the very Gate, were obliged to travel back again as ignorant as they came, for want of this necessary Qualification. However, as a Spectator I gained Admittance, and with the rest entered directly into the Temple.
In the Middle of the great Hall stood a stately and magnificent Throne, which was ascended to by two high and difficult Steps. On the Top of it sat LEARNING in awful State; she was appareled wholly in Black, and surrounded almost on every Side with innumerable Volumes in all Languages. She seemed very busily employed in writing something on half a Sheet of Paper, and upon Enquiry, I understood she was preparing a Paper, called The New-England Courant. On her Right Hand sat English, with a pleasant smiling Countenance, and handsomely attired; and on her left were seated several Antique Figures with their Faces veiled. I was considerably puzzled to guess who they were, until one informed me (who stood beside me) that those Figures on her left Hand were Latin, Greek, Hebrew, etc., and that they were very much reserved, and seldom or never unveiled their Faces here, and then to few or none, though most of those who have in this Place acquired so much Learning as to distinguish them from English, pretended to an intimate Acquaintance with them. I then enquired of him what could be the Reason why they continued veiled, in this Place especially. He pointed to the Foot of the Throne, where I saw Idleness, attended with Ignorance; and these (he informed me) were they who first veiled them and still kept them so.
Source: http://grammar.about.com/od/classicessays/a/templeoflearningessay.htm
by Benjamin Franklin
Discoursing the other Day at Dinner with my Reverend Boarder, formerly mentioned (whom for Distinction sake we will call by the Name of Clericus), concerning the Education of Children, I asked his Advice about my young Son William, whether or no I had best bestow upon him Academical Learning, or (as our Phrase is) "bring him up at our College." He persuaded me to do it by all Means, using many weighty Arguments with me, and answering all the Objections that I could form against it; telling me withal, that he did not doubt but that the Lad would take his Learning very well, and not idle away his Time as too many there nowadays do. These Words of Clericus gave me a Curiosity to inquire a little more strictly into the present Circumstances of that famous Seminary of Learning, but the Information which he gave me, was neither pleasant nor such as I expected.
As soon as Dinner was over, I took a solitary Walk into my Orchard, still ruminating on Clericus's Discourse with much Consideration, until I came to my usual Place of Retirement under the Great Apple-Tree where, having seated myself, and carelessly laid my Head on a verdant Bank, I fell by Degrees into a soft and undisturbed Slumber. My waking Thoughts remained with me in my Sleep, and before I awak'd again, I dreamt the following dream.
I fancied I was traveling over pleasant and delightful Fields and Meadows, and through many small Country Towns and Villages; and as I passed along, all Places resounded with the Fame of the Temple of Learning. Every Peasant, who had wherewithal, was preparing to send one of his Children at least to this famous Place; and in this Case most of them consulted their own Purses instead of their Children's Capacities: so that I observed, a great many, yea, the most part of those who were traveling thither, were little better than Dunces and Blockheads. Alas! alas!
At length I entered upon a spacious Plain, in the Midst of which was erected a large and stately Edifice. It was to this that a great Company of Youths from all Parts of the Country were going; so stepping in among the Crowd, I passed on with them, and presently arrived at the Gate.
The Passage was kept by two sturdy Porters named Riches and Poverty, and the latter obstinately refused to give Entrance to any who had not first gained the Favour of the former; so that I observed, many who came even to the very Gate, were obliged to travel back again as ignorant as they came, for want of this necessary Qualification. However, as a Spectator I gained Admittance, and with the rest entered directly into the Temple.
In the Middle of the great Hall stood a stately and magnificent Throne, which was ascended to by two high and difficult Steps. On the Top of it sat LEARNING in awful State; she was appareled wholly in Black, and surrounded almost on every Side with innumerable Volumes in all Languages. She seemed very busily employed in writing something on half a Sheet of Paper, and upon Enquiry, I understood she was preparing a Paper, called The New-England Courant. On her Right Hand sat English, with a pleasant smiling Countenance, and handsomely attired; and on her left were seated several Antique Figures with their Faces veiled. I was considerably puzzled to guess who they were, until one informed me (who stood beside me) that those Figures on her left Hand were Latin, Greek, Hebrew, etc., and that they were very much reserved, and seldom or never unveiled their Faces here, and then to few or none, though most of those who have in this Place acquired so much Learning as to distinguish them from English, pretended to an intimate Acquaintance with them. I then enquired of him what could be the Reason why they continued veiled, in this Place especially. He pointed to the Foot of the Throne, where I saw Idleness, attended with Ignorance; and these (he informed me) were they who first veiled them and still kept them so.
Source: http://grammar.about.com/od/classicessays/a/templeoflearningessay.htm